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Table 1 Correlations between word valence and information measurements.

From: Positive words carry less information than negative words

 

English

German

Spanish

ρ(v,f)

0.222**

0.144**

0.236**

ρ(v,I)

−0.368**

−0.325**

−0.402**

ρ(v, I )

−0.294**

−0.222**

−0.311**

ρ(v, I 2 )

−0.332**

−0.301**

−0.359**

ρ(v, I 3 )

−0.313**

−0.201**

−0.340**

ρ(v, I 4 )

−0.254**

−0.049*

−0.162**

  1. Correlation coefficients of the valence (v), frequency f, self-information I, and information content measured for 2-grams I 2 , 3-grams I 3 , and 4-grams I 4 , and with self-information I measured from the frequencies reported in [4244]. Significance levels: *p<0.01, **p<0.001.