Figure 5

Quantifying the multiplicative effect. Top panels represent the distribution of the multiplicative number, Δl for both datasets as indicated. In most cases $\mathrm{\Delta }l\le 1$, which reflects the rare occurrence of large cascades. The bottom panels, instead, represent the probabilities $P(k_{\mathrm{out}},\mathrm{\Delta }l>1)$ (above 0 baseline) and $P(k_{\mathrm{out}},\mathrm{\Delta }l\le 1)$ (below it) that a node of out-degree $k_{\mathrm{out}}$ has or has not a multiplicative effect, respectively. Both low- and high-connectivity nodes do not exhibit $\mathrm{\Delta }l>1$.