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Table 4 Correlation coefficient and calibration error

From: Probing crowd density through smartphones in city-scale mass gatherings

R [m]

r

σ (RMSE) [ m − 2 ]

10

0.56

0.54

15

0.66

0.46

20

0.71

0.51

25

0.75

0.46

30

0.78

0.41

35

0.80

0.37

40

0.81

0.35

45

0.82

0.34

50

0.83

0.35

55

0.83

0.36

  1. Results of the crowd density calibration method by comparing the obtained crowd density estimates to ground truth information extracted from CCTV video footage. The density estimates rely on the kernel radius R which is used to determine the user density. Results for different values of R are listed. The correlation coefficient r indicates how well the crowd density estimates correlate to the ground truth measures. The crowd density estimation error σ is the average estimation error.