Figure 6

(a) The coefficients \(\beta _{0}\), \(\beta _{0}^{2}\) and \(\beta _{1}\) in Poisson regression models across low-impact, median, and high-impact scientists. (b) The coefficients of \(\beta _{0}\), \(\beta _{0}^{2}\) and \(\beta _{1}\) in Poisson regression models when adopting different time window thresholds. (c) The coefficients of \(\beta _{0}\), \(\beta _{0}^{2}\) and \(\beta _{1}\) in Poisson regression models when excluding samples with popular surnames. The point represents the coefficient and the error bar represents the 95% confidence interval. The grey line indicates y = 0. Darker coloring represents significant coefficients (p-value < 0.05), whereas lighter coloring represents insignificant coefficients (p-value > 0.05)