Table 4 Overall averages (and standard deviations) for the three primary statistical outcomes by MSA region, size and method. The overall averages represent the arithmetic mean for the metric within a given combination of MSA Region, Size and Method across the 38-day field period for our experiment. Standard deviations are also given in parentheses

MPRAB(I) Based on Tukey’s HSD, differences in column means^∗ within a Region exceeding 2.58 in absolute value deemed significant at α = 0.03.

Atlanta

19.43 (6.69)

17.67 (5.66)

17.92 (6.47)

15.83 (4.92)

16.36 (5.49)

13.81 (4.63)

13.41 (3.12)

14.64 (4.65)

13.84 (4.17)

12.6 (3.54)

11.94 (3.71)

10.45 (3.11)

138.53 (88.98)

100 (0)

Baltimore

17.24 (7.67)

14.43 (3.08)

16.01 (4.74)

13.62 (4.14)

14.11 (5.92)

12.49 (3.06)

11.28 (3.38)

10.5 (2.9)

7.99 (4.18)

10.84 (3.25)

8.89 (2.71)

8.8 (3.03)

132.02 (44.73)

100 (0)

Chicago

14.93 (4.45)

13.59 (4.82)

15.05 (5.28)

14.15 (4.04)

12.49 (4.1)

10.47 (2.94)

11.61 (3.47)

11.36 (3.25)

10.93 (3.83)

10.3 (2.78)

9.39 (3)

9.46 (2.64)

129.94 (74.2)

100 (0)

Phoenix

14.09 (4.59)

11.98 (3.52)

13.96 (4.1)

13.66 (3.51)

12.57 (4.02)

9.86 (2.76)

8.44 (2.53)

9.73 (3.33)

7.49 (1.85)

9.37 (3.9)

7.86 (2.08)

6.88 (2.07)

41.96 (17.09)

100 (0)

Pittsburgh

17.18 (7.05)

15.22 (5.52)

17.18 (5.08)

15.17 (6.19)

15.12 (6.64)

12.33 (4.36)

12.07 (4.31)

11.45 (3.07)

12.8 (6.88)

10.37 (3.36)

8.96 (2.44)

9.62 (3.23)

308.86 (727.05)

100 (0)

MPRAB(F) Based on Tukey’s HSD, differences in column means^∗ within a Region exceeding 3.70 in absolute value deemed significant at α = 0.03.

Atlanta

26.95 (12.25)

38.38 (4.86)

18.44 (5.58)

17.28 (4.4)

26.64 (11.3)

39.13 (5.56)

16.13 (4.15)

16.56 (5.27)

26.66 (9.55)

37.99 (4.75)

14.71 (3.73)

13.35 (3.91)

98.26 (5.1)

100 (0)

Baltimore

33.98 (10.57)

35.2 (4.66)

17.81 (4.89)

15.48 (4.22)

26.43 (12.26)

34.07 (4.59)

14.16 (3.73)

13.86 (2.9)

10.96 (4.21)

34.62 (4.1)

12.67 (3.49)

12.46 (3.67)

94.5 (4.49)

100 (0)

Chicago

22.3 (8.48)

41.39 (4.02)

17.97 (5.37)

17.93 (4.65)

22.4 (8.52)

42.06 (3.03)

15.93 (3.89)

16.09 (4.4)

23.3 (8.72)

42.95 (3.81)

15.03 (3.68)

14.88 (3.04)

94.85 (4.96)

100 (0)

Phoenix

32.2 (11.03)

42.64 (3.55)

16.62 (3.94)

16.91 (5.02)

19.06 (9.21)

43.64 (3.77)

13.44 (3.1)

13.99 (3.6)

13.45 (3.41)

43.86 (3.41)

13.02 (3.34)

12.34 (3.38)

93.15 (2.05)

100 (0)

Pittsburgh

36.73 (15.52)

30.86 (4.64)

18.33 (5.52)

16.98 (5.68)

33.51 (12.49)

29.54 (4.98)

14.55 (4.12)

13.78 (3.61)

12.44 (4.59)

30.2 (3.8)

11.94 (3.45)

12.49 (3.87)

116.39 (82.84)

100 (0)

PRAB(N) Based on Tukey’s HSD, differences in column means^∗ within a Region exceeding 2.65 in absolute value deemed significant at α = 0.03.

Atlanta

19.15 (6.78)

35.65 (2.51)

7.24 (3.88)

7.12 (3.8)

19.83 (7.25)

35.6 (2.5)

7.19 (3.79)

7.19 (3.83)

21.25 (7)

35.54 (2.63)

7.23 (3.85)

7.24 (3.84)

92.07 (5.1)

100 (0)

Baltimore

27.28 (11.22)

30.34 (3.26)

7.05 (2.73)

7.01 (2.66)

18.52 (11.24)

30.32 (3.22)

7.13 (2.66)

7.04 (2.65)

9.73 (4.63)

30.34 (3.3)

7 (2.71)

7.03 (2.65)

93.36 (1.14)

100 (0)

Chicago

17.29 (6)

41.03 (2.24)

10.81 (2.3)

10.84 (2.29)

19.42 (6.48)

40.94 (2.22)

10.85 (2.35)

10.86 (2.32)

21.25 (6.91)

41.05 (2.23)

10.85 (2.34)

10.84 (2.3)

92.46 (1.33)

100 (0)

Phoenix

26.02 (7.55)

43.29 (1.96)

11.34 (2.7)

11.44 (2.68)

16.16 (7.03)

43.43 (2)

11.38 (2.68)

11.34 (2.68)

15.35 (1.75)

43.35 (2.02)

11.34 (2.65)

11.35 (2.67)

92.6 (1.09)

100 (0)

Pittsburgh

30.21 (16.12)

29.2 (3.72)

8.76 (2.72)

8.66 (2.52)

23.23 (13.45)

29.32 (3.7)

8.92 (2.48)

8.89 (2.43)

13.4 (7.19)

29.38 (3.72)

8.78 (2.55)

8.82 (2.41)

89.37 (11)

100 (0)