Heaps’ law and vocabulary richness in the history of classical music harmony

EPJ Data Science

Table 5 As Table 2, but for the composers that appear in Table 4 (and do not appear in the former), in chronological order. The horizontal line separates composers in the top-5, middle-6, and bottom-5 categories for relative richness and entropy (not for \(\langle F \rangle \))

Composer	Birth	Death	L	V	# pieces
Guillaume Dufay	1397	1474	3008	190	10
Josquin Desprez	1450	1521	7118	250	32
Cristóbal de Morales	1500	1553	40,380	333	88
Giovanni P. da Palestrina	1525	1594	20,369	292	70
Orlande de Lassus	1532	1594	10,988	304	70
Tomás Luis de Victoria	1548	1611	113,162	423	333
John Dowland	1563	1626	12,376	372	61
Carlo Gesualdo	1566	1613	8347	396	37
Samuel Scheidt	1587	1654	3878	233	8
Jean-Baptiste Lully	1632	1687	17,917	477	107
Johann Pachelbel	1653	1706	48,081	892	182
Domenico Scarlatti	1685	1757	12,874	747	43
Johann Georg Albrechtsberger	1736	1809	4760	511	13
Muzio Clementi	1752	1832	41,458	1250	46
Johann Baptist Cramer	1771	1858	3949	657	29
Niccolò Paganini	1782	1840	7692	713	23
Hector Berlioz	1803	1869	9333	805	8
Felix Mendelssohn	1809	1847	48,262	1506	50
Louis Moreau Gottschalk	1829	1869	19,675	1035	36
Alexandre Guilmant	1837	1911	3397	522	11
Georges Bizet	1838	1875	12,955	783	21
Edvard Grieg	1843	1907	43,033	1430	30
Gabriel Urbain Fauré	1845	1924	49,608	1704	97
Erik Satie	1866	1925	14,179	913	47
Max Reger	1873	1916	12,205	1725	32
Serguéi Rajmáninov	1873	1943	13,783	2231	16
Nikolai Medtner	1880	1951	4653	1233	7
Béla Bartók	1881	1945	9203	1766	18
Paul Hindemith	1895	1963	10,626	2039	22
George Gershwin	1898	1937	9988	1827	12
Olivier Messiaen	1908	1992	4386	541	9