Table 4 Top-5, middle-6, and bottom-5 composers as ranked by relative richness R, entropy S, and average filling \(\langle F \rangle \)
From: Heaps’ law and vocabulary richness in the history of classical music harmony
Rank by R | R | Rank by S | S (bits) | Rank by 〈F〉 | 〈F〉 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hindemith | 1.683 | Stravinsky | 9.945 | Medtner | 4.462 |
Rajmáninov | 1.680 | Mahler | 9.914 | Rajmáninov | 4.316 |
Stravinsky | 1.595 | Rajmáninov | 9.777 | Stravinsky | 4.314 |
Gershwin | 1.530 | Hindemith | 9.746 | Reger | 4.285 |
Bartók | 1.521 | Gershwin | 9.709 | Gershwin | 4.087 |
Grieg | 0.212 | Mendelssohn | 8.265 | Scheidt | 3.277 |
Berlioz | 0.150 | Clementi | 8.222 | Gesualdo | 3.266 |
Gottschalk | 0.130 | Schubert | 8.190 | Liszt | 3.258 |
Satie | 0.112 | Cramer | 8.065 | Albrechtsberger | 3.257 |
Paganini | 0.057 | Scarlatti | 7.984 | Fauré | 3.256 |
Guilmant | 0.016 | Pachelbel | 7.898 | Dowland | 3.255 |
Dufay | −1.663 | Scheidt | 6.169 | Bizet | 2.906 |
Desprez | −1.714 | Morales | 6.128 | Messiaen | 2.791 |
Palestrina | −2.087 | Victoria | 5.982 | Lully | 2.756 |
Morales | −2.277 | Palestrina | 5.938 | Dufay | 2.751 |
Victoria | −2.492 | Lassus | 5.803 | Paganini | 2.621 |