Figure 3

Node reach as a network fragility measure. (a) Schematics representing the two network centralities of interest. Node reach corresponds to the number of nodes downstream a given node, representing the maximum possible cascade size originating from that node, and is a global network measure. Node degree is a local network measure corresponding to the number of immediate neighbors. (b) Heatmaps showing the Spearman correlation between perturbation strength (absolute value of the perturbation) and two network metrics: node reach and node degree. Cell values indicate correlation values, with colors ranging from blue (lowest) to red (highest). Rows are ordered by increasing delay rate (i.e., decreasing global performance) of the project. Null model is obtained as in Fig. 1(c) by random shuffling of perturbation values across nodes