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Figure 5 | EPJ Data Science

Figure 5

From: Reciprocity and impact in academic careers

Figure 5

Network-wide reciprocity in the empirical networks and in the null model. (a) Annual excess reciprocity values from 1950 to 2009. (b) Fraction of reciprocity \(\rho _{0}\) contributed by past coauthors in the empirical networks (dark blue) and in the null model (light blue). (c) Fraction of reciprocated citations between two authors versus the overlap in their research interests, proxied by the Jaccard index between the list of references cited by the two authors, with 95% confidence level intervals. The grey dots represent 104 author pairs sampled from real data. When controlling for the overlap, on average coauthors are found to reciprocate more than non-coauthors. (d) Fraction of self-citations in the empirical networks (dark red) and in the null model (orange). The standard error bars for the null model results are small and not graphically visible in (b) and (d)

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