Figure 1

Distribution of Twitter-LDA-generated topics across various political groups. The number of topics is set to 20. While the frequency of occurrence of some topics are similar among the groups (e.g. entertainment and photography), there are topics that their frequency differences between groups are high (e.g. sport and racial). We control for a topic if it is semantically meaningful (i.e. it is not a noisy outcome of the LDA) and does not overlap too much with the word categories of interest in LIWC and MFD. As a result, we remove Noise 1, 2, & 3, Feelings, and Pleasure topics and controlled for the remaining 15 topics