Figure 5

Detected events and their influence on potential vote shares. The numbers of detected events during the elections are 8, 7, and 6, respectively, for the Tsai, Chu, and Soong. The description of events \(E_{i}\) is presented in Table 1. Each event spans a time window and influences the potential voting rates differently, as denoted by different colors. A light purple bar indicates that the detected event does not have a significant influence on the vote shares. A red bar indicates a positive effect of the event on vote shares, and a blue bar represents a negative effect of the event. The influence of each significant event is marked on the curve, and the number below it in brackets is the p-value of the t-test. The typical words used to determine the event timespan are detailed in Additional file 1, Table S9, Table S10, and Table S11. In addition, the Twitter bursty days detected in Step I are noted in the Twitter volume time series. The red points represent events with a timespan longer than one day, which are fed into Step II for further analysis. The blue points are removed