Figure 5

BiFold visualization of recipes and ingredients. Ingredients are plotted as circles with area proportional to the frequency of usage in recipes and coloring indicating its category. For each of the five cuisines (North American, Western European, Latin American, Southern European, and East Asian) we plot a density plot of the recipes from that cuisine along with the full set of ingredients. The BiFold layout enables visual exploration of the joint recipe-ingredient space across cuisines. For example, the central cloud contains protein groups (primarily meat) shared by all cuisines. Each cuisine is visually associated with a few “signature” ingredients, with examples include basil and oregano (Southern European), sesame oil and soy sauce (East Asian), and so on. The BiFold plots allow us to “see” that certain cuisines are likely similar (North American - Western European, and Latin American - Southern European).