Figure 17
From: Error and attack tolerance of collective problem solving: The DARPA Shredder Challenge
Piece move patterns. Four most common patterns of pieces’ moves observable in the videos. The first two patterns correspond to normal behavior: (a) corresponds to crowd behavior of different users acting independently on different parts of the board, (b) corresponds to a single user behavior rearranging coherent cluster of pieces. The last two patterns are the attack. It has to be noted that pattern (c) is also used by genuine user to counter the effect of attackers using the pattern (d).