Figure 2

This diagram illustrates the interactions of humans and bots within the networks. Bots, represented in blue, and humans, depicted in red, engage in four potential types of interaction: bot to bot (blue-blue), bot to human (blue-red), human to bot (red-blue), and human to human (red-red). These interactions, denoted by links between respective nodes, can manifest as follows, likes, mentions, retweets, or replies—each distinguished by a unique color. The graphic provides an overview of the potential dynamics within this ecosystem, clarifying the participants in each interaction and the various forms these interactions can take